The economy has recovered from the 2017 recession, but the scale of rebound is unclear as ques- tion marks hang over the government’s handling of a series of challenges.

Economic risk (MEDIUM): The recovery in growth in 2018 after the 2017 recession will be a relief. How- ever, a cut in oil production by Opec may act as a brake.

Political risk (HIGH): The killing of Jamal Khashoggi has added to pressure on Riyadh to change its poli- cies on the Qatar embargo and the war in Yemen, where the focus is on the Hodeidah cease re
.
Financial risk (LOW): Entry into the MSCI emerging markets index will attract funds into the market that has seen its main index spike 9% in a month. Pro ts at the top 10 banks are strong

Commercial risk (MEDIUM: The country sits in the middle of the World Bank’s Doing Business index. FDI has risen 130% since reforms kicked in. It Saudi Arabia is seeking to attract SAR1.6tn riyals private sector investment for an infrastructure programme